Solution of Nonlinear Reaction-Diffusion Model in Porous Catalysts Arising in Micro-Vessel and Soft Tissue Using a Metaheuristic

The steady-state reactive transport model (RTM) is a generalization of the nonlinear reaction-diffusion in porous catalysts. RTM expressed as non-linear ordinary differential equation second-order with boundary conditions. Artificial neural network (ANN), Particle swarm optimization (PSO), and hybrid PSO-SQP (Sequential Quadratic Programming) are used to obtain accurate, approximate solutions RTM. proposed technique applied three different cases properties catalysts investigated by considering various based on variation half-saturation concentration “ $\alpha $ ” characteristic reaction rate notation="LaTeX">$\beta .” stability, reliability, exactness established through comparison outcomes standard numerical procedure RK4 method along performance indices, which Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE), (TIC), Absolute (AE), Mean Deviation (MAD).